Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a usual term for a variety of technologies in transmission for voice communications delivery over IP networks. It is a technology advancement used to make phone calls by using broadband connection. The receiver must have the VoIP service. Doesn’t matter whether the call is local, national or international. The major requirement for both the caller and the receiver is the PC, a high speed broadband connection which should be suitable for VoIP and a VoIP adapter. The use of codec is differentiated between various implementations of VoIP (and usually a range of codecs are used); some of the implementations rely on compressed and narrowband speech, while the rest supports a great fidelity codecs with stereo.

The main job done by VoIP is the communication of voice via internet. It simply converts the voice into digital data and transmits in the form of packets in the internet. The receiver converts the received packets into the original voice. The charges of this VoIP service are comparatively lesser than your traditional phone services. It is becoming increasingly common for telecommunications providers to use VoIP telephony over dedicated and public IP networks to link switching stations and to interconnect with the other network providers. Many telecommunications companies are looking at the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) which will merge Internet technologies with the mobile world, using a flawless infrastructure of VoIP. It will upgrade the current systems while holding the Internet technologies such as the email, web, instant messaging and video conferencing. It will also allow existing VoIP systems to interface with the mobile phone networks and conventional PSTN.

The voice is converted into digital format by using Analog to Digital Converter (ADC). This digital data is compressed using a Digital Signal Processor (DSP). The VoIP uses certain standard protocols to transfer the packets over the internet and finally they reach the receiver where they can be decompressed and converted into the original voice. Because of the bandwidth efficiency and low costs that VoIP technology can provide, there is a migration from usual copper-wire telephone systems to VoIP systems to reduce their monthly phone costs in the cases of business fields.

VoIP also offers the advantage of running both voice and data communications over a single network which can represent a significant saving in infrastructure costs. VoIP devices also have intuitive, simple user interfaces, so employees can often make simple system configuration changes. Features like cell phones with dual-mode enable users to persist their conversations as they migrate from an external cellular service to an internal Wi-Fi network. The employees no longer have to carry a cell phone and a desktop phone, so companies can reduce their telecommunications equipment costs because of this bundling. Since there are fewer devices to oversee, maintenance becomes simpler.

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